01. is it necessary to vaccinate the new crown virus vaccine?

be necessary.

On the one hand, the vast majority of people in our country have no immunity against the new coronavirus, and they are susceptible to the new coronavirus. After infection, some people will develop into critical illness or even death. After vaccination, on the one hand, most people can get immunity, thus effectively reducing the risk of disease, severity and death;

The novel coronavirus pneumonia vaccine can be established gradually by establishing an immunization barrier in the population, and the epidemic of new crown pneumonia will be blocked, and the social economy and the normal life of the residents in China will be restored as soon as possible in the future. The COVID-19 vaccine can be used to restore the social and economic life of the people.

02. how does the new coronavirus vaccine work in human body?

After vaccination, the human body will produce protective antibodies, and some vaccines will make the human body produce cellular immunity, forming the corresponding immune memory. In this way, the human body has immunity against diseases.

Once the new coronavirus invades the human body, the antibody produced by the vaccine and the cytokines released by the cellular immunity can recognize, neutralize or kill the virus, and the immune memory can quickly mobilize the immune system to play a role, so that the virus can not continue to proliferate in the body, so as to achieve the purpose of disease prevention.

03. at present, how many new crown virus vaccines approved for listing or emergency use in China?

In China, 5 production enterprises have approved the new crown virus vaccine to be listed on the market or used urgently.

Among them, three inactivated vaccines and one adenovirus vector vaccine were approved for listing, and one recombinant new crown virus vaccine (CHO cell) was approved for emergency use.

04. what are the approved new crown virus vaccine manufacturers?

The three new crown virus inactivated vaccine products approved for listing are respectively produced by China biological Beijing Biological Products Research Institute Co., Ltd. (Beijing Institute), Wuhan Biological Products Research Institute Co., Ltd. (Wuhan Institute) and Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Technology Co., Ltd.

The adenovirus vector vaccine approved for listing is produced by kangxino bio Co., Ltd.

The approved recombinant subunit vaccine for emergency use is produced by Anhui zhifeilongkoma bio Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

05. how to trace the whole process of new crown virus vaccine?

The law on vaccine management requires the state to implement the whole process electronic tracing system of vaccine. After the vaccine is put on the market, there should be accurate and standardized records from the production, transportation, storage, transportation, use and other aspects. The information recorded in the whole process includes the vaccine variety, vaccine manufacturer, dosage form, specification, batch number, expiry date and vaccination case information.

By means of vaccination informatization, the above information is timely entered into the system, so as to realize the whole process of electronic traceability of vaccine circulation and use.

06. at present, which people are the new coronavirus vaccine applicable to?

The new crown virus vaccine in China is targeted at 18 years old and above.

07. at present, how many doses of new crown virus vaccine are approved in China? How long is the interval?

At present, two doses of new crown virus inactivated vaccine are needed——

The interval between the first and second dose should be 3 weeks or more

The second dose shall be completed as soon as possible within 8 weeks after the first dose is inoculated

One dose of adenovirus vector vaccine is required.

Recombinant subunit vaccine needs 3 doses——

The interval between the first and second, the second and third agents is recommended to be 4 weeks or more

The second dose shall be completed as far as possible within 8 weeks after the first dose is inoculated

The third dose shall be completed within 6 months after the first dose is inoculated

08. where to fight the new crown virus vaccine?

The vaccination of new crown virus vaccine is carried out in the vaccination unit approved by the local health administration. Usually, the vaccination unit is located in the health service center, township health center or general hospital. If the vaccination involves some departments or enterprises with concentrated key objects, some temporary vaccination units will be set up according to local conditions.

The health administration department or disease prevention and control institution of the jurisdiction will also announce the vaccination units that can be vaccinated against new crown virus according to the requirements, including the location and service time. Please pay attention to the relevant information release platform.

09. what are the taboos for vaccination?

The taboo of vaccination refers to the situation that no vaccine should be given. According to the technical guide for new crown virus vaccination (First Edition), the general vaccination taboos include:

Those who are allergic to the active components of the vaccine, any non active component, substances used in the production process, or those who have been allergic to the same vaccine before;

Those who had severe allergic reactions to vaccines (such as acute allergic reaction, vascular neuroedema, dyspnea, etc.) have occurred in the past;

Those with uncontrolled epilepsy and other serious nervous system diseases (such as transverse myelopathy, greenbali syndrome, demyelination, etc.);

Those who are febrile, or suffer from acute disease, acute attack period of chronic disease, or serious chronic disease patients who are not under control;

Pregnant women.

Some taboos, such as fever, are temporary. When the situation leading to taboos no longer exists, vaccination can be given later.

How to find and grasp the vaccination taboos?

In the process of operation, if there is a serious allergic reaction in the first dose of the vaccine, and it can not be ruled out that it is caused by the vaccine, the second dose is not recommended. To understand the composition of the vaccine, people who have been allergic to the composition of the vaccine should not be vaccinated.

During vaccination, the recipient shall truthfully report the health status, disease history and allergy history to the vaccination doctor; the inoculant doctor will ask the recipient about the health status and the previous allergy history.

11. can the new crown virus vaccine from different manufacturers be replaced by vaccination?

According to the technical guide for new crown virus vaccination (the first edition), it is suggested to complete the whole vaccination with the new crown virus inactivated vaccine from the same enterprise at this stage.

In case that the vaccine cannot be supplied continuously and the recipients can not be inoculated in other places, the inactivated vaccine produced by other enterprises can be used to complete the whole vaccination.

12. the vaccination site and route of new crown virus vaccine?

At present, the five new coronavirus vaccine sites approved are the upper arm trigonometris, and the way of vaccination is intramuscular injection.

13. what should be paid attention to in the process of vaccination of new crown virus?

During the vaccination process, the recipient shall pay attention to and cooperate with the following matters:

Before vaccination, we should know the knowledge and vaccination process of new crown disease and new crown virus vaccine in advance.

During vaccination, relevant certificates (ID card, passport, etc.) shall be carried out, and personal protection shall be done according to local prevention and control requirements, and the information such as health status and vaccination taboo shall be provided truthfully in cooperation with the on-site vaccination staff.

After vaccination, it is necessary to stay for 30 minutes; keep the skin of the inoculated area clean, avoid scratching the inoculation site by hand; if there is any suspected adverse reaction, report to the inoculation unit and consult the doctor in time if necessary.

14. why should we stay for half an hour after vaccination?

After vaccination, there may be a very few people with acute allergic reactions, syncope and other situations. Most of the life-threatening acute allergic reactions occurred within 30 minutes after inoculation.

In case of acute allergic reaction, timely treatment measures can be taken at the scene. Syncope also mostly occurs within half an hour after vaccination. If you leave the observation site immediately after vaccination, you may cause accidental injury to the recipient due to syncope.

Therefore, the recipients need to stay in the designated area of the vaccination unit for half an hour after vaccination.

15. why does the dose of the new coronavirus inactivated vaccine need a certain interval?

Usually, inactivated vaccine needs to be inoculated many times to achieve better immune effect. According to the data of clinical trials, the first dose of Xinguan inactivated vaccine can stimulate the body to produce partial immune response, and the second dose can produce better immune effect.

The interval between doses generally needs to be determined according to the results of clinical trials. If the two doses of vaccination can not be completed within the time interval required by the procedure, the supplementary inoculation should be carried out as soon as possible.

16. how to make up for the whole vaccination program? Need to start over?

For the vaccine with two or three doses of whole immunization, if the whole vaccination is not completed, it is recommended to supplement the incomplete dose as soon as possible, and do not need to start vaccination again according to the immune procedure.

17. should the two doses of new crown virus inactivated vaccine be vaccinated with a interval less than 3 weeks?

For those who have completed two doses of inactivated vaccine of new coronavirus within 14 days, one dose of inactivated vaccine should be given as soon as possible 3 weeks after the second dose.

There is no need to re vaccinate those who have completed two doses of inactivated coronavirus vaccine in 14-21 days.

18. is it necessary to strengthen immunity after the whole vaccination of the new crown virus inactivated vaccine at this stage?

At this stage, it is not recommended to strengthen immunity.

19. is this scientific practice if you want to get vaccines from other technical routes after the new crown virus inactivated vaccine is vaccinated?

At present, vaccination with inactivated coronavirus vaccine needs to be completed according to the twice dose immunization procedure.

After the completion of two doses of inactivated vaccine immunization, whether it is necessary to strengthen the immunization and whether it can use other technical routes of vaccine to strengthen the immunization need to be further studied.

20. it was suggested that HPV vaccine and new crown virus vaccine should not be vaccinated at the same time. How long should it be?

New crown virus vaccine is a new vaccine. In order to identify or distinguish the possible adverse reactions of suspected vaccine, it is not recommended that the new vaccine be vaccinated at the same time as other vaccines (including HPV vaccine).

However, it does not mean that the new coronavirus vaccine can not be vaccinated with other vaccines, but it is recommended that the new coronavirus vaccine and other vaccines be vaccinated at an interval of more than two weeks.

It must be noted that when rabies vaccine, tetanus vaccine and immunoglobulin need to be urgently vaccinated due to animal injury, trauma and other reasons, the vaccination interval with new coronavirus vaccine may not be considered.

21. can women of childbearing age and lactation be vaccinated against new crown virus?

In case of pregnancy after vaccination or in case of unknown pregnancy, based on the understanding of vaccine safety, it is not recommended to take special medical measures (such as termination of pregnancy) just because of vaccination of new coronavirus vaccine, and it is recommended to do a good job in pregnancy examination and follow-up.

For women who have a pregnancy plan, it is not necessary to delay the pregnancy plan just because of the new coronavirus vaccine.

Although there is no clinical research data on the impact of new coronavirus vaccine on breast-feeding infants, based on the understanding of vaccine safety, it is suggested that breast-feeding women (such as medical staff) with high risk of new crown virus infection be vaccinated.

Considering the importance of breast-feeding to infant nutrition and health, referring to the international practice, it is suggested that breast-feeding should be continued after breast-feeding women are vaccinated with new coronavirus vaccine.

Can people aged 22.60 and above be vaccinated against new crown virus?

The 60 year old and above population are the people with high risk of death and severe infection with new crown virus. At present, the number of clinical trials of four new coronavirus vaccine phase III approved for listing is limited. The phase III trial of recombinant subunit vaccine is still in progress, and there is no data on the protection effect of vaccine for this population.

However, the data of phase I / II clinical study of the above vaccine showed that the safety of vaccination was good. Compared with the population aged 18-59, the titer of neutralizing antibody was slightly lower after vaccination, but the positive conversion rate of neutralizing antibody was similar, suggesting that the vaccine would also have a certain protective effect on the population aged over 60, so vaccination is recommended.

23. can people under 18 years old get new coronavirus vaccine at present?

Currently, the existing vaccine has not obtained clinical trial data for this population, and it is not recommended to be vaccinated in the population under 18 years old.

24. can chronic patients be vaccinated against new crown virus?

The chronic patients were severe and high risk of death after infection with new coronavirus. The chronic patients with stable health and good drug control are not taboo population for new coronavirus vaccination, so vaccination is recommended.

25. can people with impaired immune function be vaccinated against new crown virus?

People with impaired immune function are at high risk of severe and death after infection with new coronavirus. At present, there is no data on the safety and effectiveness of the new coronavirus vaccine for this population (such as cancer, nephrotic syndrome, AIDS patients) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected people. The immune response and protective effect of these people may be reduced after vaccination.

For inactivated vaccine and recombinant subunit vaccine, it is suggested to be vaccinated according to the safety characteristics of the previous same type vaccine

For adenovirus vector vaccine, although the vector virus used is replication defect type, there is no safety data of the same type vaccine. It is suggested that after full notification, individual benefits are greater than risk.

26. have new coronavirus ever been infected need to be vaccinated?

The existing data show that the rare recurrence of new crown virus infection within 6 months after infection. Novel coronavirus pneumonia patients (patients or asymptomatic infections) were given 1 doses of antibiotics after 6 months.